The Principle Of Piston Pump Working

The piston pump relies on the reciprocating motion of the piston to make the working volume of the pump cavity change periodically to achieve the inhalation and discharge of liquid. It is composed of pump cylinder, piston, inlet and outlet valves, inlet and outlet pipes, connecting rod and transmission device. Driven by the power of the piston in the pump cylinder for reciprocating motion. When the piston moves upward, the inlet valve opens, water enters the pump cylinder, while the water valve on the piston closes, the water on the top of the piston is lifted upward with the piston; when the piston moves downward, the inlet valve closes, the valve on the piston opens, while the water in the lower chamber of the pump cylinder is pressed into the upper chamber, and rises into the outlet pipe, so repeatedly into the water and lift, so that water is continuously discharged from the outlet pipe. The piston pump is divided into single and double-acting type; single, double and multi-cylinder type; recumbent, vertical and inclined type; motorized, manual, pedal and animal power type. Piston pump flow Q = 0.71 ~ 6000 m 3 / h, discharge pressure P2 ≤ 39.2 MPa, in most cases P2 ≤ 24.5 MPa.
The flow rate of the piston pump is determined by the diameter of the pump cylinder, piston stroke and the number of piston reciprocations per minute; head depends on the characteristics of the device pipeline, the same piston pump flow rate remains unchanged, while the head can change with the device pipeline characteristics. That is, the head increases, while the flow rate remains the same, only in the high-pressure area, the flow rate is slightly reduced

Feature Applications

The piston pump is suitable for high pressure and small flow rate, especially when the flow rate is less than 100 m3/hour and the discharge pressure is more than 9.8 MPa, it shows its high efficiency and good operating performance. It has good suction performance and can pump various different mediums and liquids of different viscosities. Therefore, it is widely used in petrochemical industry, cosmetic production,  food processing, pharmaceutical production, etc. Low to medium speed piston pump speed is low, can be operated by human and animal dragging, suitable for rural water supply and small irrigation.